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1.
Health Sciences Journal ; : 112-117, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005100

ABSTRACT

Introduction@#Constant stress predisposes medical students to anxiety. The study aimed to determine the association between animal companionship and anxiety among medical students at UERMMMCI.@*Methods@#The study utilized an analytical cross-sectional design via an online form with the anxiety portion of the HADS questionnaire. Participants included first to third year medical students of a private medical school.@*Results@#A total of 161 responses were recorded. Sex and year-level exhibited significant association with anxiety. Those with anxiety were 2.71 times more likely to be females (p = 0.007). Stratification showed that those with anxiety were 1.72 times less likely to be females with pets (p = 0.37) while, in contrast, those with anxiety were 3.64 times more likely (p = 0.02) to be males with pets. Those with anxiety were likely to belong to first and second-years (p = 0.01 and p = 0.06), respectively and pet owners, though, not statistically significant (p = 0.357).@*Conclusion@#An association between sex and year-level with anxiety was noted. Those with anxiety were likely to be females, first-years, and males with animal companionship. Although they did not reach statistical significance.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anxiety , Students, Medical
2.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(supl.1): S90-S96, set. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138652

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La cetoacidosis en el embarazo es una emergencia médica que requiere tratamiento en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos debido a su asociación con morbimortalidad maternofetal. Las gestantes pueden presentar una forma atípica del cuadro llamada cetoacidosis normoglicémica, siendo muy infrecuente en pacientes sin antecedente de diabetes. Caso Clínico: Se presenta una gestante cursando tercer trimestre de embarazo, sin antecedente de diabetes, ingresada en Unidad de Paciente Crítico debido a neumonía por COVID-19 y acidosis metabólica con anión gap aumentado. Se realizó diagnóstico de cetoacidosis normoglicémica posterior al ingreso, iniciándose tratamiento intensivo de trastorno ácido-base con buena evolución. Conclusión: La infección por SARS-CoV-2 puede causar cetoacidosis normoglicémicas en embarazadas no diabéticas; se requiere una alta sospecha clínica para realizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Ketoacidosis in pregnancy is a medical emergency that requires treatment in an intensive care unit due to its association with maternal-fetal morbimortality. Pregnant women may present an atypical form of the condition called normoglycemic ketoacidosis, being very rare in patients with no history of diabetes. Clinical Case: We present a pregnant woman in the third trimester of pregnancy, without history of diabetes, admitted to a critical patient unit due to COVID-19 pneumonia and metabolic acidosis with an increased anion gap. A diagnosis of normoglycemic ketoacidosis was made after admission, and intensive treatment of acid-base disorder was initiated, with good evolution. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause normoglycemic ketoacidosis in non-diabetic pregnant women; is required a high clinical suspicion to make the diagnosis and appropriate treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/therapy , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Ketosis/etiology , Ketosis/therapy , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus , Ketosis/diagnosis
3.
Rev. med. vet. zoot ; 67(1): 60-71, ene.-abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1127013

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la calidad higiénico-sanitaria de dos sistemas de ordeño en fincas bovinas del municipio Maturín estado Monagas (Venezuela). El ensayo tuvo una duración de seis semanas, se calculó la eficiencia higiénica (%EH) de las instalaciones, el personal, la rutina de ordeño, la limpieza-desinfección y el almacenamiento-transporte de dos unidades de producción. Adicionalmente, se determinó la población de bacterias aerobias mesófilas (BAM) que se cuantificaron en un experimento en bloques al azar, con arreglo factorial de los tratamientos (2x2) donde el factor A, correspondió al sistema de ordeño manual y mecánico y el factor B, a la aplicación y omisión de secado de los pezones de cada animal previo al ordeño. La variable se examinó por análisis de varianza y sus valores promedios comparados por Tukey al 5% de probabilidad. El %EH de las fincas evaluadas fue de 66,66% para la finca 2 y de 54,84% para la finca 1, considerados no satisfactorios. Los resultados obtenidos para la variable BAM indican que el factor sistema de ordeño mostró diferencia altamente significativa (p ≤ 0,01); el sistema manual presentó el menor conteo con 5,24 Log10 UFC/ mL; mientras que para el factor condición de secado se constató diferencia significativa (p ≤ 0,05), ya que la aplicación de secado presentó la menor población de bacterias aerobias mesófilas con 5,25 Log10 UFC/mL. Las medidas higiénicas y sanitarias implementadas en la rutina de ordeño influyeron directamente en la calidad de la leche cruda.


ABSTRACT The objective of the present investigation, was to evaluate the 'Hygienic-Sanitary Quality of two Milking Systems in Bovine Farms' in Vuelta Larga Sector, Maturín City, Monagas State (Venezuela). The trial lasted six weeks, in which the Hygienic Efficiency (% EH) of the facilities, the workers, the milking routine, the cleaning and disinfection measures and the storage and transport of both milking systems, were calculated. Furthermore, the population of Mesophilic Aerobic Bacteria (BAM) was determined ; The data were processed following a distribution in random blocks with factorial arrangement (2x2) whose factor A represented the milking system: manual and mechanical, and the factor B was the application and omission of manual drying of teats for each animal prior to milking. The percentage of Hygienic Efficiency (% EH) of the farms evaluated was not satisfactory, corresponding to 66.66% in the farm 2 and 54.84% in the farm 1. The variable was examined by analysis of variance and its mean values compared by Tukey test at 5% of probability. Factor A achieved a highly significant difference (p ≤0.01), with the manual system obtaining the lowest count with 5.24 Log10 CFU / mL. In factor B significant difference was found (p≤0.05), the drying application decreased the BAM population with 5.25 Log10 CFU / mL. The Hygienic and Sanitary measures implemented in the milking routine directly influence the quality of raw milk.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Bacteria, Aerobic , Sterilization , Sanitary Profiles , Milk , Good Manipulation Practices , Nipple Aspirate Fluid , Microbiology , Bacteria , Cattle , Diagnosis , Efficiency , Nipples
4.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844750

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las consecuencias clínicas expresadas en índices COPD y ceod y su relación con la presencia de hipomineralización incisivo molar (HIM) en una población de escolares de 6 a 12 años de la provincia de Santiago. Método: Este estudio de corte transversal fue realizado en 851 escolares de 6 a 12 años de la provincia de Santiago, quienes fueron evaluados por 2 dentistas calibrados. Con consentimiento de los tutores legales, los escolares fueron examinados, y se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos para HIM de la Academia Europea de Odontopediatría (EAPD). La historia de caries fue determinada con COPD/ceod de acuerdo a los criterios de la OMS. Los datos fueron recolectados en una ficha especialmente diseñada para esto. Los datos fueron analizados con test «t¼ para muestras individuales (considerando p < 0,05). Resultados: Los escolares afectados por HIM tuvieron una media de COPD de 0,91 (±1,21) y una media de ceod de 1,98 (±2,48), el cual fue mayor que el COPD y ceod de escolares sin HIM (0,41 [±0,95] y 1,34 [±2,15] respectivamente). La diferencia entre ambos grupos fue estadísticamente significativa para COPD (p < 0,000) y ceod (p = 0,002). Conclusiones: Escolares de la provincia de Santiago de 6 a 12 años afectados con HIM presentaron mayor COPD/ceod que escolares sin HIM.


Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical consequences, expressed in DMFT and dmft, and their relationship with Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) in a population of schoolchildren of 6 to 12 years old in the Santiago Province. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 851 schoolchildren between 6-12 years old from the Santiago Province were examined by two calibrated examiners. With informed consent from their parents, the schoolchildren were examined, and the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) diagnostic criteria was used for MIH detection. Caries history was assessed with the DMFT/dmft score according to WHO criteria. Data was collected with a form specially designed for this study. Data was analysed using Student's t-test for individual samples and a post-hoc Bonferroni (P < .05). Results: The mean DMFT score in the MIH-affected schoolchildren was 0.91 (±1.21), with a mean dmft score of 1.98 (±2.48), which were greater than the scores in the non-MIH affected schoolchildren (mean DMFT score 0.41 [±0.95] and mean dmft 1.34 [±2.15]). The differences between DMFT and dmft scores in the two groups were statistically significant (P < .000 and P = .002, respectively). Conclusions: Schoolchildren of Santiago Province of 6-12 year old diagnosed with MIH had higher DMFT/dmft scores compared to schoolchildren not affected with MIH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Dental Caries/etiology , Tooth Demineralization/complications , Tooth Demineralization/epidemiology , Chile , DMF Index , Tooth Diseases/epidemiology , Tooth Diseases/etiology
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(10): 1360-1364, oct. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845453

ABSTRACT

Normoglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis should be suspected in pregnant women presenting nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and anorexia. We report a 39 years old woman with a 32 weeks pregnancy who sought emergency care due to hyperemesis. She was hospitalized with the following diagnoses: pregnancy hypertension syndrome, gestational diabetes, morbid obesity and poor prenatal control. The evaluation of the feto-placental unit showed perception of fetal movements, non-reactive non-stress baseline record and a biophysical profile of 6/8. Fetal maturation was initiated. Laboratory tests showed a metabolic acidosis, a low pH, an increased Gap anion, elevated ketonemia and a blood glucose of 172 mg/dl. A diagnosis of normoglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis was formulated and treatment with hydration and regular insulin according to capillary blood glucose levels was started. An emergency caesarean section was performed. The newborn weighed 2.650 kg, had a length of 46 cm, was large for gestational age, had an Apgar score of 2.7, had perinatal asphyxia, convulsive syndrome and a possible congenital cardiopathy. Once the ketoacidosis was resolved during the immediate puerperium, slow acting insulin was initiated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pregnancy Complications/blood , Pregnancy in Diabetics/blood , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/blood , Pregnancy Complications/therapy , Pregnancy in Diabetics/therapy , Blood Glucose/analysis , Pregnancy Outcome , Gestational Age , Treatment Outcome , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/therapy , Hyperemesis Gravidarum/blood
6.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 25(1): 61-77, 2014. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-786971

ABSTRACT

The Faculty of Medicine of the University of Chile has developed a program, where students play an important role colaborating with their teachers in research. Traditionally it has been related to basic and/or clinical research. We present here an innovation: the participation of students in educational research. Medical students from different learning stages participated actively planning and performing this research, and they were indeed crucial for its success. The study shown here, is intended to favour the development of a “Continous Joint Educational Research Program”, which main goal would be to identify eventual teaching problems in order to develop prompt and adecuate solutions to continously improve the quality of medical education. The diagnosis made by the students’ opinions is only the first step of this project. Teachers’ opinions need to be considered also in a second stage. Learning outcome’s evaluation was identified by medical students as being one of the most problematic areas. A great number of them confess “traumatic experiences” in this field, some of which are described here as a mean of making teachers aware of the problem, leading them to seek for teaching and evaluation methodologies capacitation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Educational Measurement , Schools, Medical , Students, Medical/psychology , Faculty, Medical , Chile , Surveys and Questionnaires
8.
Prensa méd. argent ; 99(2): 138-142, abr. 2013. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-699431

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Demostrar la utilidad de un inventario sobe calidad de vida para evaluar síntomas pre y postquirúrgicos en pacientes con prolapso anteior y posterior. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal, comparativo. Enero 2009-diciembre 2010. Se incluyeron 26 ptes, prom: 63 años con prolapso ant (EIII) y post (EII). Tratamiento: colporrafia anterior con malla subvesical y colpoperineorrafia. Evaluación de síntomas genitales, miccionales y defecatorios pre y postquirúrgicos con "Inventario de molestias por trastornos del piso pélvico" de Barber. Se utilizá Prueba Mc Nemar para variables cualitativas. Nivel de significación estadístico p=0.05. Resultados: Síntomas vaginales: preQ en el 100 por ciento. Los más frecuentes: pesadez y bulto vaginal que se redujeron en el postQ a 7 por ciento (p=0,000). Síntomas miccionales: preQ en el 84 por ciento. Los más frecuentes: a) sensación de vaciamiento incompleto de vejiga 77 por ciento que se redujo al 9 por ciento en postQ (P=0,001) y b) Aumento de la frecuencia miccional 68 por ciento que se redujo al 45 por ciento (p=0,063) Sintomas defecatorios preQ 46 por ciento. Los más frecuentes: a) necesidad de aumentar esfuerzo defecatorio 58 por ciento se redujo al 41 por ciento en postQ (P=0500) y b) maniiobras para completar la defecación 33 por ciento que desapareció en postQ (p=0.12). Conclusiones: mediante la utilización del Inventario se pudo comprobar que los resultados fueron estadísticamente significativos para los síntomas vaginales y para los miccionales de vaciado incompleto. El resto de los síntomas a pesar de no ser significativos evidenciaron mejoría en el postoperatorio.


Women with pelvic floor disorders show a negative impact on their quality of life questionnaires. The aim of the present report, was to demonstrate the usefulness of a quality of life questionnaire, to evaluate both pre and postsurgical outcomes in patients with anterior or posterior prolapses. Conclusion: the employement of an Inventary could arrive to the demonstration that the results were statistically significative for the vaginal symptons and for the micturation of incomplete emptiness. The rest of the symptons, despite that they were not significatives, showed improvement during the outcomes.


Subject(s)
Aged , Colposcopy , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/pathology , Uterine Prolapse/surgery , Uterine Prolapse/diagnosis , Uterine Prolapse/pathology , Uterine Prolapse/therapy , Quality of Life , Quality-Adjusted Life Years
9.
Rev. venez. cir. ortop. traumatol ; 42(1): 21-23, jun. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-592408

ABSTRACT

El sarcoma de Ewing es un tumor maligno perteneciente al grupo de tumores neuroectodérmicos primitivos. Se conoce poco acerca de los factores etiológicos y generalmente afecta la diáfisis de hueso largo y la pelvis. Rara vez puede localizarse extraesqueléticamente. La tendencia es a presentarse en gente joven durante la fase de mayor crecimiento. Representa el 1 por ciento de los tumores en la infancia y es el segundo tumor maligno primario del hueso en la niñez y adolescencia, con un pico de edad entre 5 y 13 años. En el presente se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 10 años de edad, con diagnóstico de Sarcoma de Ewing Primario en Húmero Izquierdo Estadio III. Fue tratado con esquema de Quimioterapia y Radioterapia; en vista de su buena evolución se ofreció Cirugía Reconstructiva como medida de salvataje del miembro superior. Se realizó resección del húmero con márgenes quirúrgicos amplios y se colocó aloinjerto óseo de tibia, estabilizándose con material de osteosíntesis proximal y distalmente. Como resultado se observó remodelación ósea y osteointegración completa del injerto, así como rangos de movilidad aceptables en el primer año de evolución. Los procedimientos quirúrgicos para la reconstrucción de los miembros, después de la extirpación del Sarcoma de Ewing Primario, constituyen una alternativa en un intento por evitar la amputación.


The Sarcoma of Ewing is a malignant tumor pertaining to the gruop of primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Little is known about the etiologic factors and it generally affects the diaphysis of long bones and pelvis. Rarely it can be located extraskeletally. The tendency is to appear in young people during the phase of greater growth. It represents 1 percent of the tumors in the childhood and is the second primary malignant tumor of the bone in the childhood and adolescence, with a tip of age between 5 and 13 years. In the present work the case of a masculine patient of 10 years of age is resported, with diagnosis of Sarcoma of Primary Ewing in Left Chimney Stage III. It was dealed with schemes Chemotherapy and X-ray; in view of its good evolution Reconstructive Surgery was offered like measurement of salvataje of the member superior. Resection of the chimmey with ample surgical margins was realised and aloinjerto bony of tibia was placed distate, becoming stabilized with material of proximal osteosynthesisand as result were observed bony remodeling and complete osseointegration of the graft, as well as acceptable ranks of mobility in the first yeras of evolution. The surgical procedures for the reconstruction of the members, after the extirpation of the Sarcoma of Primary Ewing, constitute an alternative in an attempt to avoid the amputation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Diaphyses/injuries , Upper Extremity/injuries , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/methods , Sarcoma, Ewing/diagnosis , Medical Oncology , Pediatrics , Traumatology
10.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 41(1): 20-26, ene.-mar. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634611

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó el uso de sangre entera para el diagnóstico molecular de histoplasmosis utilizando un método artesanal de extracción de ADN fúngico y una PCR anidada que amplifica una porción del gen HcP100 específica de Histoplasma capsulatum. La sangre entera se trató con liticasa, enzima lisante de Trichoderma harzianum y proteinasa K, seguido de una extracción fenólica. Este tratamiento permitió una lisis completa de las células, mostró buen rendimiento en la obtención de ADN y posibilitó la detección de la banda de 210 pb específica de H. capsulatum en la PCR anidada. El límite de detección fue de 0,25-1 levaduras/ml de sangre. El método se evaluó en 31 muestras de sangre de 19 pacientes con diagnóstico microbiológico de histoplasmosis, en 21 muestras de pacientes con otras micosis o infecciones por micobacterias y en 30 controles sanos. La PCR fue positiva en sangre para 17/19 pacientes con histoplasmosis (14/15 inmunocomprometidos y 3/4 sin inmunocompromiso aparente). Las muestras de sangre de los 30 controles sanos y de 20 pacientes con otras patologías fueron negativas, sólo hubo un falso positivo correspondiente a un paciente con infección por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. El método presentó 89% de sensibilidad y 96% de especificidad para el diagnóstico de histoplasmosis en sangre entera.


To assess the value of using whole blood samples for the molecular diagnosis of histoplasmosis, we applied an in-house DNA extraction method and a nested PCR targeting a 210 bp specific segment of the Histoplasma capsulatum HcP100 gene. A whole blood volume of 2.5-3 milliliters was centrifuged and the cellular pellet was treated with Trichoderma harzianum lyticase and proteinase K prior to applying a conventional phenol DNA extraction. This procedure allowed complete cell lysis, high DNA yield and specific amplification. The PCR detection limit was 0.25-1 yeast cells/ml of blood sample. The method was assessed on 31 blood samples from 19 patients with microbiological diagnosis of histoplasmosis, 30 healthy persons and 21 patients with other mycoses or mycobacterial diseases. Positive results were obtained in samples from 17/19 patients with histoplasmosis (14/15 immunocompromised and 3/4 without known immunological disorder). Blood samples from the 30 healthy controls and 20 patients with other conditions proved negative; the only false positive result was obtained from a patient with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. With 89% sensitivity and 98% specificity, this molecular method for detection of the agent in blood shows promising for the rapid diagnosis of human histoplasmosis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Fungemia/diagnosis , Histoplasmosis/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Argentina/epidemiology , Comorbidity , DNA, Fungal/isolation & purification , Endemic Diseases , False Positive Reactions , Fungemia/epidemiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Histoplasma/genetics , Histoplasma/isolation & purification , Histoplasmosis/blood , Histoplasmosis/epidemiology , Immunocompromised Host , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/blood , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/microbiology , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
11.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 40(4): 198-203, oct.-dic. 2008. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634601

ABSTRACT

En febrero de 2006 ocurrió un brote epidémico de gastroenteritis aguda de origen alimentario, en ocasión de un festejo popular en una pequeña localidad de la provincia de Neuquén, Argentina. Aproximadamente 800 personas participaron de un almuerzo en las instalaciones del Gimnasio Municipal, y unas tres horas después de finalizado, cerca de 150 asistentes consultaron al hospital local, afectados por síndrome gastroentérico agudo. Se realizó una investigación epidemiológica caso-control a través de un muestreo representativo no probabilístico. Los resultados epidemiológicos establecieron un brote de ETA a fuente común, con una relación caso-control de 1:1,8. Los principales síntomas fueron cólicos abdominales (88%), vómitos (73,5%) y diarrea (60%). La torta que se sirvió en ese evento fue identificada como el alimento causal (OR 9,79; IC 95%; 2,66-36,00; valor p = 0,0001), sujeto a condiciones higiénico-sanitarias insatisfactorias en los diferentes procesos de elaboración, conservación y manipulación. De una porción de la torta se aisló una cepa de Staphylococcus aureus subespecie aureus, coagulasa positiva, enterotoxigénica, con un recuento de 2,4x10(6) UFC/g, y también se aisló este microorganismo de tres muestras de manos y narinas de personas involucradas en la preparación y el servicio. Las cepas aisladas de un operador y de la torta portaron el gen sea y presentaron el mismo patrón de SmaI-PFGE. Se atribuyó el brote de ETA a la contaminación durante el proceso de preparación de la torta consumida durante ese almuerzo popular, lo que podría estar relacionado con deficiencias en aspectos higiénicos y con la falta de refrigeración y de mantenimiento de la cadena de frío.


In the summer of 2006, an epidemic outbreak of acute gastrointestinal illness related to food consumption occurred in a small town in the province of Neuquén, Argentina. During a popular feast, approximately 800 local residents attended lunch held in the facilities of the Municipal Gymnasium. About three hours later, nearly 150 attendees sought medical assistance at the local hospital due to acute gastroenteritis. A case-control epidemiological investigation was conducted using representative non-probability sampling. The epidemiological investigation showed a common-source foodborne disease outbreak with a case-control ratio of 1:1.8. The main symptoms were abdominal cramps (88%), vomiting (73.5%) and diarrhea (60%). The cake was identified as the source of infection (OR 9.79; IC 95%, 2.66-36.00; p = 0.0001), and unsatisfactory hygienic conditions in food production, conservation and handling steps were identified. Coagulase positive, enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus, subspecies aureus was detected in a piece of cake, with a count of 2.4x10(6) CFU/g, and in samples from the hands and nostrils of three people involved in food preparation and service. The strains isolated from both the cake and one of the food handlers carried the sea gene, and presented the same SmaI-PFGE pattern. The foodborne disease outbreak was considered to be due to contamination in the preparation process of the cake consumed at the feast, which was related to inadequate hygienic conditions, lack of refrigeration and cold chain disruption.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Disease Outbreaks , Food Contamination , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Food Poisoning/epidemiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Case-Control Studies , Carrier State/metabolism , Food Handling , Gastroenteritis/etiology , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Refrigeration , Staphylococcal Food Poisoning/microbiology , Staphylococcus aureus/classification , Staphylococcus aureus/genetics , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
12.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 40(2): 93-100, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634583

ABSTRACT

Establecimos la frecuencia de aislamiento de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC) a partir de muestras clínicas y de alimentos, así como las características fenotípicas y genotípicas de las cepas recuperadas. Se analizaron 198 muestras fecales de niños con diarrea sanguinolenta (DS), 14 muestras fecales de niños con síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) y 220 muestras de carne picada. También se estudiaron 4 cepas STEC aisladas de alimentos embutidos. Se recuperó STEC de 3 (1,5%) de los niños con DS, de 1 (7%) niño con SUH y de 4 (1,8%) de las muestras de carne picada. Todas las cepas fueron eae y ehxA positivas. Los serotipos detectados fueron: O157:H7 (9 cepas), O26:H11 (2 cepas), O111:NM (1 cepa) y O145:HNT (1 cepa). Todas las cepas O157:H7 portaron el subtipo eae-g1; las cepas O26:H11 y O145:HNT portaron el subtipo eae-b1 y la cepa O111:NM portó el subtipo eae-g2/q. Las cepas STEC del mismo serogrupo mostraron alta diversidad genética. En Uruguay STEC no sería agente frecuente de diarrea con sangre en niños. Sin embargo, las cepas recuperadas presentaron los genes asociados con enfermedad severa y 2 de los 3 niños infectados con STEC evolucionaron a SUH. La carne picada y otros alimentos serían vehículos importantes de O157:H7.


We have assessed the frequency of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in clinical and food samples as well as studied the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the recovered strains. One hundred ninety eight fecal samples from children with bloody diarrhea (BD), 14 from children with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), 220 ground beef samples and 4 STEC isolates from other beef-derived products were analyzed. The STEC strains were isolated from 3 (1.5%) children with bloody diarrhea, 1 (7%) from a child with HUS and 4 (1.8%) from ground beef samples. All strains were eae and ehxA positive. The serotypes found were: O157:H7 (9 strains), O26:H11 (2), O111: NM (1) and O145:HNT (1). All O157:H7 STEC strains harbored the eae subtype g1, O26:H11 and O145:HNT strains, subtype b1 and O111:NM strain, subtype g2/q. The STEC strains of the same serogroup showed high genetic diversity. In Uruguay, STEC is not frequently isolated from cases of bloody diarrhea in children. However, all the recovered STEC strains carried the genes associated with severe disease and 2 out of 3 children infected with STEC developed HUS. Ground beef and other food products might be important vehicles for O157:H7 strains.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Food Microbiology , Shiga Toxin/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli/classification , Serotyping , Uruguay
14.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 56(2): 87-89, abr.-jun. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-575468

Subject(s)
Humans , Dengue , Viruses , Public Health
15.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 40(1): 9-12, ene.-mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634568

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga es un patógeno emergente cuyo principal factor de virulencia son las toxinas Shiga (Stx), codificadas por los genes stx. Estas toxinas se clasifican en 6 tipos (1, 2, 2c, 2d, 2e y 2f) que agrupan a 22 variantes. En Argentina se validaron dos técnicas de PCR para la detección de los genes stx, PCR-MK y PCR múltiple. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron analizar mediante el uso de herramientas bioinformáticas la capacidad de dichas técnicas para detectar las variantes del gen stx y demostrar experimentalmente la amplificación de 8 variantes stx. Se recopilaron 25 secuencias nucleotídicas de la base de datos GenBank correspondientes a 21 variantes de stx. Se utilizó el programa BLAST 2 sequences para analizar la complementariedad de las bases nucleotídicas entre las secuencias de las variantes y las secuencias de los cebadores utilizados en las PCR estudiadas. La técnica de PCR-MK permite detectar los tipos stx1, stx2, stx2c, stx2d y stx2f, aunque no permite detectar el tipo stx2e y tres variantes del tipo stx2c. La PCR múltiple permite detectar los tipos stx1, stx2, stx2c, stx2d, pero no los tipos stx2e y stx2f. Se demostró experimentalmente que ambas técnicas de PCR son apropiadas para la detección de las variantes que están asociadas a enfermedad grave en el hombre.


Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli is an emergent pathogen, being the Shiga toxin (Stx) the main virulence factor. These toxins are classified into 6 types (1, 2, 2c, 2d, 2e and 2f) and 22 variants. In Argentina, two PCR for stx gene detection, PCR-MK and multiplex-PCR, were validated. The aim of this work was to analyze, by using bioinformatic tools, the stx variants that could be amplified by these PCRs, and to experimentally show the amplification of 8 stx variants. Twentyfive nucleotide sequences were collected from GenBank corresponding to 21 stx variants. The BLAST 2 sequences program was used to analyze the complementarities between the nucleotide sequence of the variants and the primers corresponding to the PCR studied. PCR-MK could detect types stx1, stx2, stx2c, stx2d and stx2f, but not type stx2e and three type stx2c variants. On the other hand, the multiplex-PCR could detect types stx1, stx2, stx2c, stx2d, but not stx2e and stx2f types. It was experimentally determined that both PCRs can detect those variants that cause severe disease in humans.


Subject(s)
Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Shiga Toxin/genetics , Shiga Toxin/isolation & purification , Computational Biology , Shiga Toxin/classification
16.
P. R. health sci. j ; 27(1): 107-111, Mar. 2008.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-491621

ABSTRACT

An eleven year old boy presented with headaches and dizziness associated to micturition. On radiologic imaging, he was found with a bladder mass. The biochemical work up was suggestive of pheochromocytoma. An OctreoScan (111In-pentreotide) was used to rule out metastatic extension or other extra-adrenal locations of the pheochromocytoma. OctreoScan data correlated well with other radiologic studies, operative findings and with the final diagnosis, validating its use on pediatric patients.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms , Pheochromocytoma , Pheochromocytoma/secondary , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/secondary , Indium Radioisotopes , Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives , Somatostatin
17.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 39(2): 113-119, abr.-jun. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634548

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (Stx) (STEC) O157:H7 es un patógeno asociado a enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos, fundamentalmente de origen animal. Se investigó la presencia de E. coli O157 en 250 muestras de carne picada y hamburguesas obtenidas de comercios de las ciudades de Santa Fe y Santo Tomé (Pcia. de Santa Fe) y en 150 muestras de leche provenientes de tanques de enfriado de tambos de la región, utilizando enriquecimiento selectivo y separación inmunomagnética. A partir de 3 muestras de carne (1,2%) se aislaron cepas E. coli O157:H7 stx2, eae, y ehxA positivas, que pudieron ser diferenciadas mediante electroforesis de campo pulsado, fagotipificación y genotipificación de stx. No se aislaron cepas STEC O157:H7 a partir de las muestras de leche. Estos hallazgos confirman la participación de los alimentos de origen animal en la epidemiología de las enfermedades producidas por E. coli O157:H7.


Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an emergent pathogen associated with foodborne diseases, especially foodstuffs of animal origin. A total of 250 beef samples (ground beef and hamburgers) obtained from retail outlets in Santa Fe and Santo Tomé cities, and 150 milk samples from bulk tank milk from dairy barns of the region were analyzed by selective enrichment and immunomagnetic separation. Escherichia coli O157:H7 stx2, eae and ehxA positive strains were isolated from three (1.2%) beef samples. The strains could be differentiated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, phagetyping and genotyping of stx. The milk samples were negative for STEC O157. These findings confirm the role of food of animal origin in the epidemiology of E. coli O157:H7 - associated diseases.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , /isolation & purification , Food Contamination , Food Microbiology , Meat Products/microbiology , Milk/microbiology , Argentina , Adhesins, Bacterial/genetics , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , /genetics , Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics , Hemolysin Proteins/genetics , Immunomagnetic Separation , /genetics , Virulence
18.
Asunción; s.n; 2007. 1 p.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-1017769

ABSTRACT

Hace referencia a un estudio de caso sobre un brote de toxi-infección alimentaria asociada al consumo de leche ultrapasteurizada que tiene el objetivo de caracterizaral agente etiológico, se estima que las personas efectadas fueron 900, de las cuales 292 requirieron atención médica. El estudio se realizó con muestras de materia fecal de 12 pacientes, secreción nasal de 5 operarios de la planta y 3 muestras de leche, el resultado del estudio dió a la leche como vehículo de la toxi-infección y a un operario de la linea de producción como origen de la contimación de más de 50.000 litros de leche


Subject(s)
Foodborne Diseases/microbiology , Staphylococcal Food Poisoning/microbiology , Paraguay
19.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 38(4): 190-196, oct.-dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634528

ABSTRACT

Se determinó la tipibilidad, la reproducibilidad y el poder discriminatorio de ERIC-PCR y ApaI-PFGE para establecer la relación genética de cepas de Pasteurella multocida. Se estudiaron 49 cepas de diferente origen, subespecie, biotipo, grupo capsular, serotipo somático y perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana. Por ERIC-PCR se establecieron 31 patrones, los que presentaron entre 10 y 14 bandas en un rango comprendido entre 0,2 y 1,2 kb. Por ApaI-PFGE se detectaron 37 patrones de restricción, los cuales presentaron entre 7 y 15 bandas bien definidas de 34 a 450 kb. La tipibilidad de ERIC-PCR fue del 100% (T=1) y la de ApaI-PFGE del 94% (T=0,94). La reproducibilidad de ambas técnicas fue del 100% (R=1); sin embargo, el poder discriminatorio de ERIC-PCR fue 93% (D=0,93) y el de ApaI-PFGE 98% (D=0,98). Mediante ambas técnicas fue posible agrupar las cepas con relación epidemiológica y diferenciar claramente las cepas no relacionadas. Se demostró el valor de ERIC-PCR y ApaI-PFGE para complementar estudios epidemiológicos, principalmente si las cepas en estudio son analizadas por ambas técnicas.


Typeability, reproducibility, and discriminatory power of ERIC-PCR and ApaI-PFGE to establish the genetic relation of P. multocida strains were determined. Forty-nine strains of different source, biotype, capsular group, somatic serotype, and resistance to antimicrobials were studied. By ERIC-PCR, 31 patterns were defined with 10 to 14 bands in a rank of 0.2 and 1.2 kb. By ApaI-PFGE, 37 restriction patterns were established with 7 to 15 bands of 34 to 450 kb. Typeability was 100% (T=1) for ERIC-PCR, and 94% (T=0.94) for ApaI-PFGE. Reproducibility of both techniques was 100% (R=1). Discriminatory power was 93% (D=0.93) for ERIC-PCR, and 98% (D=0.98) for ApaI-PFGE. By using both techniques, epidemiologically related strains were grouped, and unrelated strains were clearly differentiated. The value of ERIC-PCR and ApaI-PFGE as complements to epidemiologic studies was demonstrated, especially when both techniques were used to analyze the strains.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Humans , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field/methods , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Pasteurella multocida/classification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Americas , Antarctic Regions , Australia , Bird Diseases/microbiology , Birds/microbiology , Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Chickens/microbiology , Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Pasteurella Infections/microbiology , Pasteurella Infections/veterinary , Pasteurella multocida/genetics , Pasteurella multocida/isolation & purification , Poultry Diseases/microbiology , Reproducibility of Results , Swine Diseases/microbiology , Swine/microbiology , Turkeys/microbiology
20.
P. R. health sci. j ; 25(4): 363-365, Dec. 2006.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-472089

ABSTRACT

We discuss a 16-year-old male patient who presented with three episodes of recurrent pancreatitis within the last 6 months. Preoperative imaging studies suggested a choledochal cyst within the second portion of the duodenum. Patient was taken to surgery and the lesion was removed. Pathology examination of the cyst revealed a duodenal duplication. The accessory pancreatic papilla entering the closed duplication cyst was the main cause of the pancreatitis in this child.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ampulla of Vater/abnormalities , Duodenum/abnormalities , Pancreatitis/etiology , Recurrence
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